自考英美文学选读名词解释七

　　91. Ottava Rima（八行诗）

　　Ottava Rima is a form of eight-line iambic stanza rhyming abababcc.2>Byron‘s Don Juan are outstanding examples.

　　92. Canto（诗章）

　　Canto is a section of spanision of an epic or narrative poem comparable to a chapter in a novel. 2>the most famous cantos in literature are those that make up Dante‘s spanine comedy， a 14th century epic.

　　93. High Comedy（正统喜剧）

　　High comedy is a comedy that deals with polite society and depends more on witty dialogue and well-drawn characters that on comic situations.

　　94.Lake Poets（湖畔诗人）

　　In English literature Lake Poets refer to such romantic poets as William Wordsworth， Coleridge and Southey who lived in the Lake District. They came to be known as the lake school or Lakers.

　　95. Imagery（比喻）

　　A rather vague critical term covering those uses of language in a literary work that evoke sense impressions by literal or figurative reference to perceptible or “concrete” objects， scenes， actions， or state as distinct from the language of abstract argument or expositon.2> the imagery of a literary work thus comprises the set of images that it uses， these need not be mental“ pictures” but may appeal to senses other than sight.

　　96. Dramatic monologue（戏剧独白）

　　Dramatic monologue is a kind of poem in which a single fictional or historical character other than the poet speaks to a silent “audience” of one or more persons. Such poems reveal not the poet‘s own thoughts but the mind of the impersonated character， whose personality is revealed while the implied presence of an auditor distinguishes it from a soliloquy， have also been called Dramatic monologue. But to avoid confusion it is preferable to refer to these simply as monologues or as monodramas.2>Robert Browning’s My Last Duchess is a case in point.

　　97. Pre-Raphaelites（先拉菲尔派）

　　A mid-19th century self-styled brotherhood of London artists， all young， who united to resist current artistic conventions and to create ，or recreate， art forms in use before the period of Raphel.2>the poetry of the Pre-Raphaelites showed a distinct liking for medism， 18th century ballads， archaic diction， symbolism and sensuousness. The poets were considerably under the influence of Spenser.

　　先拉菲尔派是19世纪中叶旅居在伦敦的一群年轻艺术家自发组成的兄弟会，他们联合起来抵制当时的艺术传统，主张创造或再创造拉菲尔艺术时期之前的艺术形式。先拉菲尔派的诗歌明显对中世纪艺术，18世纪歌谣，古老的修辞手法，象征主义及感官享受表示青睐。

　　98. Psychological novel（心理小说）

　　Psychological novel refers to a kind of novel that dwells on a complex Psychological development and presents much of the narration through the inner workings of the character‘s mind.

　　99.Point of View（叙述角度）

　　Point of view can be spanided by the narrator‘s relationship with the character， represented by the grammatical person： the first-person narrative， the third-person narrative， and omniscient narrator.

　　100. plot（情节）

　　Plot refers to the structure of a story，2> the plot of a literary work includes the rising action， the climax， the falling action and the resolution. It has a protagonist who is opposed by an antagonist ，creating what is called conflict.

　　101. Allusion（典故）

　　Allusion means a reference to a person， a place， an event， or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to. 2> an Allusion may be drawn from history， geography， literature， or religion. 3>allusion is a device that allows writer to compress a great deal of meaning into a very few words.

　　102. Protagonist and Antagonist（正面人物与反面人物）

　　In literary work protagonist refers to the hero or central character who is often hindered by some opposing force either human or animan. Antagonist is a person or force opposing the protagonist in a narrative； a rival of the hero or heroine.

　　103. Flashback（倒叙）P133

　　A device by which the writer presents scenes or incidents that occurred prior to the beginning of a story or play.

　　2> various devices may be used， among them recollections of the characters， narration by the characters， dream sequence and reveries. This is a break in the chronological sequence of a story made to deal with earlier events.

　　104. Narration

　　It is a synonym for story-telling.

　　2> in fiction， narrative passages are to be distinguished from descriptions and scenes， in narrative passages the chronology is condensed so that relatively few words will encompass the events of an extended period of time. Most writers use narrative passages to fill in the links between events. There were two types of narration， first-person narration and third-person narration.

　　105.Ambiguity

　　Ambiguity means two or more simultaneous interpretations of a word， phrase， action， or situation， all of which can be supported by the context of a work.

　　2> deliberate ambiguity can contribute to the effectiveness and richness of a work， however， unintentional ambiguity obscures meaning and can confuse readers.